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United States Declaration of Independence

1776-07-04

Historical Overview

With the formal adoption of the Declaration of Independence by the Continental Congress, the thirteen North American colonies solidified their definitive break from the British Crown. The primary strategic objective of the document, drafted by Thomas Jefferson, was to establish and philosophically legitimize the sovereignty of the new United States of America under international law. By enshrining unalienable rights such as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, the declaration served as the moral foundation for the Revolutionary War and acted as a critical diplomatic tool to secure military and financial alliances with France and Spain.


This is a high-resolution image of the United States Declaration of Independence (article - text). This image is a version of the 1823 William Stone facsimile — Stone may well have used a wet pressing process (that removed ink from the original document onto a contact sheet for the purpose of making the engraving).

This is a high-resolution image of the United States Declaration of Independence (article - text). This image is a version of the 1823 William Stone facsimile — Stone may well have used a wet pressing process (that removed ink from the original document onto a contact sheet for the purpose of making the engraving).

Author: original: w:Second Continental Congress; reproduction: William Stone
No description

No description

Author: Unknown authorUnknown author or not provided
No description

No description

Author: Unknown authorUnknown author or not provided
A historical marker along the trail in Ohio.

A historical marker along the trail in Ohio.

Author: Boblentil
2000s collage incorporating elements from Wiennerisches Diarium A.D. 1776 about the Declaration of Liberty

2000s collage incorporating elements from Wiennerisches Diarium A.D. 1776 about the Declaration of Liberty

Author: Unknown
Printing of the United States Declaration of Independence, as published in The Virginia Gazette (Williamsburg, Virginia, July 26, 1776)

Printing of the United States Declaration of Independence, as published in The Virginia Gazette (Williamsburg, Virginia, July 26, 1776)

Author: Writers of the Declaration of Independence
Title: Angela Davis urges -- declare your independence : vote for Hall and Tyner
Abstract: 1 print ; (poster format)

Title: Angela Davis urges -- declare your independence : vote for Hall and Tyner Abstract: 1 print ; (poster format)

Author: Communist Party of the United States of America, sponsor/advertiser
Anti-ELAB slogans painted on Pi Chiu Building CUHK, as seen in September 2019. It reads "All men are created equal. They (are) endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, (that) among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness," a quote from the w:United States Declaration of Independence.

Anti-ELAB slogans painted on Pi Chiu Building CUHK, as seen in September 2019. It reads "All men are created equal. They (are) endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, (that) among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness," a quote from the w:United States Declaration of Independence.

Author: Jonashtand
This is a rare 1848 issue of the first state of Phelps’s map of the United States. Covers most of the eastern portion of the United States bounded on the west by Texas and two large unnamed territories to the north. Insets in the lower right quadrant illustrate seven important port cities: New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Boston, Birmingham, Cincinnati, St. Louis and Chicago. Two smaller map insets depict southern Florida and Northern Maine, the extremes of both of which are just off the map. The whole is surrounded by a fine decorative border depicting 30 alternating state seals and 16 important historical figures. The state seal of Texas appears in the upper left quadrant, but California’s does not. Shows the “Trader’s Route to Santa Fe” as it passes through Missouri and the territory to the west. Liberally names numerous American Indian tribes as well as Indian Burial Grounds, and trading depots.      Ensign and Thayer issued a similar map in the same year that differs from this one only in that a Pittsburgh Inset is substituted for the Philadelphia Inset. Later editions, published after 1849 replace all seven city plans with a mini-map of the western United States. There is also a German language edition issued in 1849.      This map was issued as an accompaniment to Phelps’s Travellers’ Guide through the United States; containing Upwards of seven hundred Rail-road, Canal, and Stage and Steam-boat Routes, accompanied with a New Map of the United States. This 70 page booklet is bound in red leather with an elaborate cover design stamped in gold gilt. Book features an index of place names as well as mileage charts between important cities on rail and stage routes. This original booklet is included with this item.      Drawn and engraved by J. M Atwood of New York. Portraits and state seals engraved by William D. Smith. The copyright reads “Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1845 by H. Phelps in the Clerks office of the District Court of the Southern District of N. York.

This is a rare 1848 issue of the first state of Phelps’s map of the United States. Covers most of the eastern portion of the United States bounded on the west by Texas and two large unnamed territories to the north. Insets in the lower right quadrant illustrate seven important port cities: New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Boston, Birmingham, Cincinnati, St. Louis and Chicago. Two smaller map insets depict southern Florida and Northern Maine, the extremes of both of which are just off the map. The whole is surrounded by a fine decorative border depicting 30 alternating state seals and 16 important historical figures. The state seal of Texas appears in the upper left quadrant, but California’s does not. Shows the “Trader’s Route to Santa Fe” as it passes through Missouri and the territory to the west. Liberally names numerous American Indian tribes as well as Indian Burial Grounds, and trading depots. Ensign and Thayer issued a similar map in the same year that differs from this one only in that a Pittsburgh Inset is substituted for the Philadelphia Inset. Later editions, published after 1849 replace all seven city plans with a mini-map of the western United States. There is also a German language edition issued in 1849. This map was issued as an accompaniment to Phelps’s Travellers’ Guide through the United States; containing Upwards of seven hundred Rail-road, Canal, and Stage and Steam-boat Routes, accompanied with a New Map of the United States. This 70 page booklet is bound in red leather with an elaborate cover design stamped in gold gilt. Book features an index of place names as well as mileage charts between important cities on rail and stage routes. This original booklet is included with this item. Drawn and engraved by J. M Atwood of New York. Portraits and state seals engraved by William D. Smith. The copyright reads “Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1845 by H. Phelps in the Clerks office of the District Court of the Southern District of N. York.

Author: http://www.geographicus.com/mm5/cartographers/phelps.txt
1926 indicium of 2 cent U.S. stamped envelope. The sesquicentennial exposition commemorated the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

1926 indicium of 2 cent U.S. stamped envelope. The sesquicentennial exposition commemorated the signing of the Declaration of Independence.

Author: U.S. Post Office Department
en:National Bureau of Standards preserving the en:United States Declaration of Independence in 1951.
Source: Department of Commerce Photographic Services

en:National Bureau of Standards preserving the en:United States Declaration of Independence in 1951. Source: Department of Commerce Photographic Services

Author: US gov
Title: Reading of Declaration of Independence from Old State House balcony on July 4
Creator: Zambella, A.
Date: circa 1960-1968
Source: Mayor John F. Collins records, Collection #0244.001
File name: 244001_0381
Rights: Copyright City of Boston

Citation: Mayor John F. Collins records, Collection #0244.001, City of Boston Archives, Boston

Title: Reading of Declaration of Independence from Old State House balcony on July 4 Creator: Zambella, A. Date: circa 1960-1968 Source: Mayor John F. Collins records, Collection #0244.001 File name: 244001_0381 Rights: Copyright City of Boston Citation: Mayor John F. Collins records, Collection #0244.001, City of Boston Archives, Boston

Author: City of Boston Archives from West Roxbury, United States
I took photo at Jefferson Memorial with Canon camera.

I took photo at Jefferson Memorial with Canon camera.

Author: Billy Hathorn
Scope and content:  This document records the July 2, 1776, vote in which the Continental Congress agreed to independence. The words of the resolution, originally proposed by Virginia delegate Richard Henry Lee, are echoed in the Declaration of Independence.
General notes:  Exhibit History: "American Originals," December 1995 - December 1996, National Archives Rotunda, Washngton, DC, Exhibit No. 624.0005. "Formation of the Union," 1970 - ???, National Archives Rotunda, Washington, DC. "Formation of the Union," 1952- ???, National Archives Rotunda, Washington, DC.

Scope and content: This document records the July 2, 1776, vote in which the Continental Congress agreed to independence. The words of the resolution, originally proposed by Virginia delegate Richard Henry Lee, are echoed in the Declaration of Independence. General notes: Exhibit History: "American Originals," December 1995 - December 1996, National Archives Rotunda, Washngton, DC, Exhibit No. 624.0005. "Formation of the Union," 1970 - ???, National Archives Rotunda, Washington, DC. "Formation of the Union," 1952- ???, National Archives Rotunda, Washington, DC.

Author: Unknown authorUnknown author or not provided
Close-up of the line containing the phrase "all men are created equal"

Close-up of the line containing the phrase "all men are created equal"

Author: Thomas Jefferson
Close-up of the line containing the phrase "all men are created equal"

Close-up of the line containing the phrase "all men are created equal"

Author: Thomas Jefferson
No description

No description

Author: Alonzo Chappel
Title: Angela Davis urges -- declare your independence : vote for Hall and Tyner
Abstract: 1 print ; (poster format)

Title: Angela Davis urges -- declare your independence : vote for Hall and Tyner Abstract: 1 print ; (poster format)

Author: Communist Party of the United States of America, sponsor/advertiser
On March 19, 2011, the eighth anniversary of the US-led invasion of Iraq, a number of anti-war groups organized a rally and march in the vicinity of the White House to advocate for the end of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and other potential fronts, such as Libya.  The event concluded with a civil disobedience action, where several demonstrators were arrested.
In this photo, a woman holds up a pocket copy of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States.
More at The Schumin Web: http://www.schuminweb.com/life-and-times/life-2011/white-house-quantico-part-1/" rel="noreferrer nofollow">www.schuminweb.com/life-and-times/life-2011/white-house-q...

Ben Schumin is a professional photographer who captures the intricacies of daily life.  This image may be used under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0.  Please provide artist attribution, as well as a link to the original photo and to the license terms.

On March 19, 2011, the eighth anniversary of the US-led invasion of Iraq, a number of anti-war groups organized a rally and march in the vicinity of the White House to advocate for the end of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and other potential fronts, such as Libya. The event concluded with a civil disobedience action, where several demonstrators were arrested. In this photo, a woman holds up a pocket copy of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States. More at The Schumin Web: http://www.schuminweb.com/life-and-times/life-2011/white-house-quantico-part-1/" rel="noreferrer nofollow">www.schuminweb.com/life-and-times/life-2011/white-house-q... Ben Schumin is a professional photographer who captures the intricacies of daily life. This image may be used under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0. Please provide artist attribution, as well as a link to the original photo and to the license terms.

Author: Ben Schumin from Montgomery Village, Maryland, USA
During a space-themed sleepover at the National Archives in Washington, DC, on February 24-25, 2018, intrepid explorers learn about the mysteries of space travel with former space shuttle astronaut Charles Bolden; dive into our nation’s treasured records, including historic NASA files; explore the National Archives Museum with a scavenger hunt; sleep in the Rotunda next to the Charters of Freedom; and wake to a pancake breakfast served by the Archivist of the United States. NARA photo by Jeff Reed.

During a space-themed sleepover at the National Archives in Washington, DC, on February 24-25, 2018, intrepid explorers learn about the mysteries of space travel with former space shuttle astronaut Charles Bolden; dive into our nation’s treasured records, including historic NASA files; explore the National Archives Museum with a scavenger hunt; sleep in the Rotunda next to the Charters of Freedom; and wake to a pancake breakfast served by the Archivist of the United States. NARA photo by Jeff Reed.

Author: U.S. National Archives
During a space-themed sleepover at the National Archives in Washington, DC, on February 24-25, 2018, intrepid explorers learn about the mysteries of space travel with former space shuttle astronaut Charles Bolden; dive into our nation’s treasured records, including historic NASA files; explore the National Archives Museum with a scavenger hunt; sleep in the Rotunda next to the Charters of Freedom; and wake to a pancake breakfast served by the Archivist of the United States. NARA photo by Jeff Reed.

During a space-themed sleepover at the National Archives in Washington, DC, on February 24-25, 2018, intrepid explorers learn about the mysteries of space travel with former space shuttle astronaut Charles Bolden; dive into our nation’s treasured records, including historic NASA files; explore the National Archives Museum with a scavenger hunt; sleep in the Rotunda next to the Charters of Freedom; and wake to a pancake breakfast served by the Archivist of the United States. NARA photo by Jeff Reed.

Author: U.S. National Archives
Rotunda Sleepover; Kid President visits the National Archives for a sleepover

Rotunda Sleepover; Kid President visits the National Archives for a sleepover

Author: U.S. National Archives
Rotunda Sleepover; Kid President visits the National Archives for a sleepover

Rotunda Sleepover; Kid President visits the National Archives for a sleepover

Author: U.S. National Archives
Rotunda Sleepover; Kid President visits the National Archives for a sleepover

Rotunda Sleepover; Kid President visits the National Archives for a sleepover

Author: U.S. National Archives
United States Declaration of Independence | ExploreHistory