Battle of Nanking

Nanking Massacre victims

News crew members of the Tokyo Nichinichi Shimbun in Nanking
![*Iwane Matsui (1878-07-27 - 1948-12-23) rides into Nanjing.
Source: The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders.[1]
Image qualifies under fair use as no new photo may be produced for the Nanking Massacre.
Copyright is claimed by The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders.](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Iwane_Matsui_rides_into_Nanjing.jpg)
*Iwane Matsui (1878-07-27 - 1948-12-23) rides into Nanjing. Source: The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders.[1] Image qualifies under fair use as no new photo may be produced for the Nanking Massacre. Copyright is claimed by The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders.

Nanking citizens with armbands of the flag of Japan selling vegetables on the street on Dec. 15, 1937, two days after the occupation of Nanking.

Streetscape in Nanking Castle. The Chinese regained their own lives under rule of the Japanese armed forces.(December 17, 1937)
Description of the Battle of Nanking (1937) by Frank Capra

南京戦闘経過要図 1937年12月上旬

Cheers for Japanese forces by refugees who are receiving the distribution of sweets and cigarettes on the Japanese forces' "Nanking Entry Ceremony" day.

Chinese people clean up the mess which was made at the time of the retreat of Chinese soldiers.(December 22, 1937)

A caricature of Chiang Kai-shek put up in Ginza on December 12 1937 with Japanese characters reading "Nanking has fallen"

The bridge in front of the Gate of China was destroyed by Japanese shellfire.(December 13, 1937)

An advertisement for Gekkeikan sake printed in the Asahi Shimbun on December 12 1937. The text at the top reads "Celebrate the fall of Nanking" and to the left it says "Drink a toast with Gekkeikan".

The poster which was published by the "war supporters' association of all quarters of capital city" can be seen everywhere in Nanking. Anyone who is friendly with the Japanese armed forces must be punished as "Hanjian", or "a betrayer of the county". Top right shows the scene of blows by a crowd. Bottom right means that who sends signal to an airplane is made to rather die by bombimg. Top left says that betrayers are to be arrested and shot to death. Bottom left is the image of severed head as a warning to others.

They sing hymns in the yard of Chinese church of Nanking.

Bright friendship between Japan and China on a street corner of Nanking (December 17, 1937)

1937年9月28日日軍轟炸南京評事街後的慘狀
日軍於1937年實施跨海轟炸路線示意圖

The national flag of Japan on the center pole of the Republic of China government main gate in capital Nanking

Extra editions of Osaka Asahi Shimbun newspaper reporting the Fall of Nanking. The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders, Jiangsu, China

Buildings lit up in Tokyo on December 12 1937 in celebration of the fall of Nanking

Four military leaders of the Imperial Japanese Military at the Memorial Ceremony for War Dead at Ku-Kung Airfield after conquering Nanking (18 December 1937). From left to right: Vice Admiral Kiyoshi Hasegawa (Commander-in-chief of 3rd Fleet), General Iwane Matsui (Commander of the Central China Area Army), Lieutenant General Prince Yasuhiko Asaka (Commander of the Shanghai Expeditionary Army), Lieutenant General Heisuke Yanagawa (Commander of 10th Army).

The Nanking citizens who stayed in Nanking till the last come out from air-raid shelter and feel relieved to hear the proclamation of Japanese troops.(December 14, 1937)

Japanese citizens celebrating the fall of Nanking

Japanese citizens are the Navy Ministry celebrating the fall of Nanking on December 11 1937.

Japanese citizens celebrating the fall of Nanking

Photo from the Yūshūkan (遊就館) that shows the handling of the Rape of Nanking
Historical Overview
The Battle of Nanking was fought in early December 1937 during the Second Sino-Japanese War between the Chinese National Revolutionary Army and the Imperial Japanese Army for control of Nanjing, the capital of the Republic of China.
Quick Facts
Empire of Japan
- Commander: Prinz Asaka
- Strength: ca. 200.000
- Casualties: gering
Rep. of China
- Commander: Tang Shengzhi
- Strength: ca. 150.000
- Casualties: ca. 100.000*
Strategic Context
Psychological blow to the Chinese government.
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