All Battles

Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

1945 Honshu Luftangriff

Original Caption: Dwelling destroyed by blast. No fire.

Original Caption: Dwelling destroyed by blast. No fire.

Author: War Department. U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey. Pacific Survey. 9/1944-1947License:PD
Source
Original Caption: 4600 feet southwest of GZ. Dwellings destroyed by blast and fire.

Original Caption: 4600 feet southwest of GZ. Dwellings destroyed by blast and fire.

Author: War Department. U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey. Pacific Survey. 9/1944-1947License:PD
Source
Left picture : At the time this photo was made, smoke billowed 20,000 feet above Hiroshima while smoke from the burst of the first atomic bomb had spread over 10,000 feet on the target at the base of the rising column. Six planes of the 509th Composite Group participated in this mission: one to carry the bomb (Enola Gay), one to take scientific measurements of the blast (The Great Artiste), the third to take photographs (Necessary Evil), while the others flew approximately an hour ahead to act as weather scouts (08/06/1945). Bad weather would disqualify a target as the scientists insisted on a visual delivery. The primary target was Hiroshima, the secondary was Kokura, and the tertiary was Nagasaki.Right picture : Atomic bombing of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, taken by Charles Levy.

Left picture : At the time this photo was made, smoke billowed 20,000 feet above Hiroshima while smoke from the burst of the first atomic bomb had spread over 10,000 feet on the target at the base of the rising column. Six planes of the 509th Composite Group participated in this mission: one to carry the bomb (Enola Gay), one to take scientific measurements of the blast (The Great Artiste), the third to take photographs (Necessary Evil), while the others flew approximately an hour ahead to act as weather scouts (08/06/1945). Bad weather would disqualify a target as the scientists insisted on a visual delivery. The primary target was Hiroshima, the secondary was Kokura, and the tertiary was Nagasaki.Right picture : Atomic bombing of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, taken by Charles Levy.

Author: George R. Caron / Charles LevyLicense:PD
Source
Flugblatt gegen Atomkraft der "aktion pro vita Stuttgart" in den 1970er Jahren
Aufschrift:

So sieht unsere „strahlende“ Zukunft aus!
Deshalb: heute aktiv - sonst morgen radioaktiv!
 
Ein Kind aus Hiroshima 
Fruchtschäden 
(Injury of fetus = Verletzung des Fötus)
 
Die geplanten Atomkraftwerke und Wiederaufbereitungsanlagen in der Bundesrepublik.
Quelle: Studie 1220 - Juli 1975, Kernforschungsanlage Jülich im Auftrage des Bundesinnenministeriums
und Entwicklungsplan "Kraftwerkstandorte" Baden-Württemberg.

.

Flugblatt gegen Atomkraft der "aktion pro vita Stuttgart" in den 1970er Jahren Aufschrift: So sieht unsere „strahlende“ Zukunft aus! Deshalb: heute aktiv - sonst morgen radioaktiv!   Ein Kind aus Hiroshima Fruchtschäden (Injury of fetus = Verletzung des Fötus)   Die geplanten Atomkraftwerke und Wiederaufbereitungsanlagen in der Bundesrepublik. Quelle: Studie 1220 - Juli 1975, Kernforschungsanlage Jülich im Auftrage des Bundesinnenministeriums und Entwicklungsplan "Kraftwerkstandorte" Baden-Württemberg. .

Author: NowakWLicense:CC-BY-4.0
Source
Leaflet dropped on Japan in the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki urging quick surrender.

Leaflet dropped on Japan in the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki urging quick surrender.

Author: photo by U.S. Government employee made for U.S. GovernmentLicense:PD
Source
Amid the wreckage of a prison in Nagasaki, three Manhattan Project specialists use Geiger counters to measure residual radioactivity. They are, from left to right: Captain Henry Barnett, author of the April 1946 medical report, Robert Serber, and Captain Harry O. Whipple. All three had been working at Los Alamos.

Amid the wreckage of a prison in Nagasaki, three Manhattan Project specialists use Geiger counters to measure residual radioactivity. They are, from left to right: Captain Henry Barnett, author of the April 1946 medical report, Robert Serber, and Captain Harry O. Whipple. All three had been working at Los Alamos.

Author: United States ArmyLicense:PD
Source
Original Caption: Assembly area for dead, pending identification and disposal. Photo from Japanese Newspaper files.

Original Caption: Assembly area for dead, pending identification and disposal. Photo from Japanese Newspaper files.

Author: War Department. U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey. Pacific Survey. 9/1944-1947License:PD
Source
The Atomic Bomb, by Rebecca Pate and Evan Mickey.

The Atomic Bomb, by Rebecca Pate and Evan Mickey.

Author: tarheel012789License:CC-BY-4.0
Source
A leaflet dropped from a B-29 on Japan after the bombing of Hiroshima. Translation: Notice to the Japanese People! Evacuate the city immediately. What this leaflet contains is extremely important, so please read carefully. The Japanese people are facing an extremely important autumn. Your military leaders were presented with thirteen articles for surrender by our three-country alliance to put an end to this unprofitable war. This proposal was ignored by your army leaders. Because of this the Soviet Republic intervened. In addition, the United States has developed an atom bomb, which had not been done by any nation before. It has been determined to employ this frightening bomb. One atom bomb has the destructive power of 2000 B-29s. This frightening fact should be understood by you by observing what kind of situation was caused when only one was dropped on Hiroshima.

A leaflet dropped from a B-29 on Japan after the bombing of Hiroshima. Translation: Notice to the Japanese People! Evacuate the city immediately. What this leaflet contains is extremely important, so please read carefully. The Japanese people are facing an extremely important autumn. Your military leaders were presented with thirteen articles for surrender by our three-country alliance to put an end to this unprofitable war. This proposal was ignored by your army leaders. Because of this the Soviet Republic intervened. In addition, the United States has developed an atom bomb, which had not been done by any nation before. It has been determined to employ this frightening bomb. One atom bomb has the destructive power of 2000 B-29s. This frightening fact should be understood by you by observing what kind of situation was caused when only one was dropped on Hiroshima.

Author: Mark PellegriniLicense:PD
Source
Painting in the street celebrating the 40th anniversary of Independence Day

Painting in the street celebrating the 40th anniversary of Independence Day

Author: Henk van RinsumLicense:CC-BY-4.0
Source
Una stima dei danni provocati dai bombardamenti atomici su Hiroshima e Nagasaki nel 1945.

Una stima dei danni provocati dai bombardamenti atomici su Hiroshima e Nagasaki nel 1945.

Author: Giacomo AlessandroniLicense:CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source
चित्र ११.२ परमाणु बम

चित्र ११.२ परमाणु बम

Author: Babu Ram GewaliLicense:CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source
First leaflet which was dropped on Japanese cities in conjunction with the Atomic Bomb.
Text:
TO THE JAPANESE PEOPLE:
America asks that you take immediate heed of what we say on this leaflet.
We are in possession of the most destructive explosive ever devised by man. A single one of our newly developed atomic bombs is actually the equivalent in explosive power to what 2000 of our giant B-29's can carry on a single mission. This awful fact is one for you to ponder and we solemnly assure you it is grimly accurate.
We have just begun to use this weapon against your homeland. If you still have any doubt, make inquiry as to what happened to Hiroshima when just one atomic bomb fell on that city.
Before using this bomb to destroy every resource of the military by which they are prolonging this useless war, we ask that you now petition the Emperor to end the war. Our President has outlined for you the thirteen consequences of an honorable surrender: We urge that you accept these consequences and begin the work of building 
a new, better, and peace-loving Japan.
You should take steps now to cease military resistance. Otherwise, we shall resolutely employ this bomb and all our other superior weapons to promptly and forcefully end the war.

EVACUATE YOUR CITIES

First leaflet which was dropped on Japanese cities in conjunction with the Atomic Bomb. Text: TO THE JAPANESE PEOPLE: America asks that you take immediate heed of what we say on this leaflet. We are in possession of the most destructive explosive ever devised by man. A single one of our newly developed atomic bombs is actually the equivalent in explosive power to what 2000 of our giant B-29's can carry on a single mission. This awful fact is one for you to ponder and we solemnly assure you it is grimly accurate. We have just begun to use this weapon against your homeland. If you still have any doubt, make inquiry as to what happened to Hiroshima when just one atomic bomb fell on that city. Before using this bomb to destroy every resource of the military by which they are prolonging this useless war, we ask that you now petition the Emperor to end the war. Our President has outlined for you the thirteen consequences of an honorable surrender: We urge that you accept these consequences and begin the work of building a new, better, and peace-loving Japan. You should take steps now to cease military resistance. Otherwise, we shall resolutely employ this bomb and all our other superior weapons to promptly and forcefully end the war. EVACUATE YOUR CITIES

Author: Unknown authorUnknown authorLicense:PD
Source
The General Effects of the Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Describes effects and provides analysis of effects on various types of structures.

The General Effects of the Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Describes effects and provides analysis of effects on various types of structures.

Author: Department of DefenseLicense:PD
Source
Letter received from General Thomas Handy to General Carl Spaatz, authorizing the dropping of the first atomic bomb.

Letter received from General Thomas Handy to General Carl Spaatz, authorizing the dropping of the first atomic bomb.

Author: Department of Defense. Department of the Air Force.License:PD
Source
The Knoxville News-Sentinel headlines, August 6, 1945.

The Knoxville News-Sentinel headlines, August 6, 1945.

Author: ENERGY.GOVLicense:PD
Source
75 ans après les bombardements d’Hiroshima et de Nagasaki, l’ombre d’une guerre nucléaire plane toujours sur nos têtes, malgré les horreurs subies par ces villes. Encore aujourd’hui, aucune ville n’est préparée aux conséquences de l’explosion d’une bombe atomique, et aucune nation ne pourrait y faire face efficacement. Des milliers, voire des millions de civils seraient tués et blessés sans que personne ne puisse leur porter secours.

75 ans après les bombardements d’Hiroshima et de Nagasaki, l’ombre d’une guerre nucléaire plane toujours sur nos têtes, malgré les horreurs subies par ces villes. Encore aujourd’hui, aucune ville n’est préparée aux conséquences de l’explosion d’une bombe atomique, et aucune nation ne pourrait y faire face efficacement. Des milliers, voire des millions de civils seraient tués et blessés sans que personne ne puisse leur porter secours.

Author: International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)License:CC-BY-4.0
Source
Poster of atomic bombs the United States dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945.

Poster of atomic bombs the United States dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945.

Author: E.Putyatin, B.KostinLicense:CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source
Operations Order No. 35, issued by the 509th Composite Group on August 5, 1945, for the atomic bombing mission on Hiroshima, Japan, signed by Major James I. Hopkins, Jr.

Operations Order No. 35, issued by the 509th Composite Group on August 5, 1945, for the atomic bombing mission on Hiroshima, Japan, signed by Major James I. Hopkins, Jr.

Author: Air ForceLicense:PD
Source
On display in the War Memorial museum, Canberra, Australia.

The hands apparently show the time of the explosion. The infocard described the glass face as being melted by the blast (you can see it dripping at the bottom), and said the clock was found near the centre of the explosion. It did not specify Hiroshima or Nagasaki.

On display in the War Memorial museum, Canberra, Australia. The hands apparently show the time of the explosion. The infocard described the glass face as being melted by the blast (you can see it dripping at the bottom), and said the clock was found near the centre of the explosion. It did not specify Hiroshima or Nagasaki.

Author: James from Sydney, AustraliaLicense:CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source
Scope and content:  In this letter (which was not sent) to Chicago newspaper columnist Irv Kupcinet, former President Truman defends his decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan in World War II. Asserting that use of the bomb saved American and Japanese lives by ending the war, Mr. Truman observes that the attack on Pearl Harbor occurred while the United States was at peace with Japan, and resulted in the deaths of thousands of American servicemen.

Scope and content: In this letter (which was not sent) to Chicago newspaper columnist Irv Kupcinet, former President Truman defends his decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan in World War II. Asserting that use of the bomb saved American and Japanese lives by ending the war, Mr. Truman observes that the attack on Pearl Harbor occurred while the United States was at peace with Japan, and resulted in the deaths of thousands of American servicemen.

Author: Unknown authorUnknown author or not providedLicense:PD
Source
Order from General Thomas Handy to General Carl Spaatz authorizing the dropping of the first atomic bomb

Order from General Thomas Handy to General Carl Spaatz authorizing the dropping of the first atomic bomb

Author: Unknown authorUnknown author or not providedLicense:PD
Source
The Little boy and Fat man bombs dropped on Japan

The Little boy and Fat man bombs dropped on Japan

Author: ShanekPPSLicense:CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source
Original Caption: 14750 feet southeast of GZ. Occasional minor blast damage to buildings.

Original Caption: 14750 feet southeast of GZ. Occasional minor blast damage to buildings.

Author: War Department. U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey. Pacific Survey. 9/1944-1947License:PD
Source
NEWSMAP For the Armed Forces. V-E Day + 15 Weeks - 192nd Week of U.S. Participation in the War.

NEWSMAP For the Armed Forces. V-E Day + 15 Weeks - 192nd Week of U.S. Participation in the War.

Author: Army Information BranchLicense:PD
Source
nihonnogenbakubungaku

nihonnogenbakubungaku

Author: Benedictus KondohLicense:CC-BY-SA-4.0
Source

Historical Overview

First use of nuclear weapons on Hiroshima/Nagasaki.

Quick Facts

Outcome:Japanese surrender.

US Army Air Forces

  • Commander: Paul Tibbets
  • Strength: 1 B-29
  • Casualties: 0

Japan (Civilian)

  • Commander: -
  • Strength: -
  • Casualties: 140000

Strategic Context

Forcing immediate surrender without an invasion.

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